Title: The Demographics of Isolated Neutron Stars from X-ray Survey Data

Speaker: Professor Adriana Mancini Pires (Center for Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Time: 10:30am, February 26, 2026

Location: 3-402, PMO Xianlin Campus

Abstract: Since the discovery of the first radio pulsar, more than 4,350 neutron stars have been identified in our Galaxy. A small subset of these objects, detected exclusively in X-rays, provides unique insight into neutron star phenomenology and evolutionary pathways that cannot be accessed at other wavelengths. In this contribution, I present recent results on isolated neutron stars from X-ray survey data, combining serendipitous detections in XMM-Newton catalogues with discoveries from the eROSITA All-Sky Survey. Together, these surveys enable the identification and characterisation of isolated neutron stars over a broad range of fluxes, distances, and Galactic environments. I outline ongoing multiwavelength follow-up efforts with XMM-Newton, Chandra, NICER, Einstein Probe, FAST, VLT, and Gemini, aimed at confirming candidate identifications and constraining their spectral and timing properties. The implications for the demographics and spatial distribution of isolated neutron stars in the Milky Way are discussed.