The Dome A Science Workshop was held in Nanjing, Nov. 1 - 3, 2008. The workshop was jointly organized by Astrophysics Planning Committee, Chinese Center for Antarctic Astronomy (CCAA), Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the International Collaborative Team on Cosmic Star Formation, Purple Mountain Observatory.

　  Dome A, with an altitude of 4093m, is presumably the most promising ground-based observing site for astronomy. Joint efforts under the International Polar Year 2008-2009, led by the Polar Research Institute of China and joined by astronomy observatories in China, had been made to evaluate the site conditions for astronomy in both optical and THz regimes. The results of very low opacity provide strong evidence that the site is superior in submillimeter wave band. The conditions of high altitude, along with extremely low temperature, makes Dome A the best site for submm/THz/Far Infrared observations. The site testing results stimulated strong interests in developing future astronomical observations using the site. This workshop was aimed at identifying the key scientific motivations in submillimeter/THz wave bands to help exploring the scientific potentials in Dome A. The outcomes of the workshop would contribute to the programming of future observation apparatus in this site.